The best preventive measures include getting vaccinated, wearing a mask during times of high transmission, staying 6 feet apart, washing hands often and avoiding sick people. COVID-19 can cause mild to severe respiratory illness, including death. The vaccines were heralded as an extraordinary scientific advancement, and the first doses were administered to healthcare workers in the U.S. COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Both vaccines used molecules known as mRNA to stimulate an immune response against the coronavirus, marking the first time that any mRNA vaccine has been authorized for use in people. In December, the United States authorized two COVID-19 vaccines, from Pfizer and Moderna, after trials showed impressive results. By mid-March, early trials in humans had begun, and by late summer, the vaccines were ready for more advanced trials with thousands of participants. ![]() The year 2020 was defined by the coronavirus pandemic, arguably the worst pandemic the world has seen in 100 years. But once the virus was identified, scientists acted quickly to begin developing a vaccine. The illness has affected nearly every aspect of life. When 2020 began, COVID-19 and the virus that causes it, SARS-CoV-2, were unknown to science. Digestive symptoms sometimes develop before a fever and respiratory symptoms. This is because the SARS-CoV-2 virus contains an enzyme, ACE2, that attaches itself to cells in a variety of tissues. Most people's symptoms slowly improve over time. Although COVID-19 is chiefly a respiratory disease, long COVID can impact organs other than the lungs. COVID-19 might cause nausea, vomiting or diarrhea either alone or with other COVID-19 symptoms. Neurologic symptoms such as trouble thinking and concentrating ('brain fog'), headaches, and sleep problems Digestive symptoms such as diarrhea and stomach pain Some people may have a wide variety of symptoms that are similar to those of other conditions, such as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). and several other countries created a coronavirus vaccine - taking it from lab bench to bedside - in just under 12 months. But COVID-19 can cause symptoms you may not expect, including: Digestive symptoms. But in an unprecedented feat, researchers in the U.S. This is called presymptomatic transmission. You can still spread COVID-19 before you have symptoms. This time after exposure and before having symptoms is called the incubation period. ![]() Developing a new vaccine normally takes years to decades. Symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may appear 2 to 14 days after exposure.
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